Cardiac Amyloidosis
Abstract
Introduction: Cardiac amyloidosis is a serious disease caused by extracellular amyloid deposition at the heart. Diagnosis and treatment depend on histopathological identification of amyloid deposits and immunohistochemical, biochemical, or genetic determination of their type.
Objective: To describe the main clinical and imaging findings in cardiac amyloidosis, as well as its treatment.
Methods: A review of articles was conducted on cardiac amyloidosis published in PubMed, MEDLINE, and SciELO databases. The selection criteria were systemic reviews, clinical trials, clinical practice guidelines, and literature reviews.
Results: Cardiac amyloidosis is a disease in which amyloid proteins are deposited in the heart, causing heart stiffness and heart failure. The main types of amyloidosis are light chain amyloidosis, which is treated with chemotherapy and transthyretin, and hereditary or wild-type amyloidosis, which is treated with TTR stabilizers. Diagnosis is based on clinical suspicion, cardiac studies, bone scans, and biopsy, so treatment and life expectancy depend on the type of amyloid.
Conclusions: Cardiac amyloidosis is a disease in which cardiovascular symptoms and signs associated with the disease are essential for diagnosis, in addition to imaging studies, cardiac biomarkers, and tissue biopsy that confirms the type of amyloid. Treatment is targeted according to the cause.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Claudia Fernández Oceguera, Carolina Fernández Oceguera , Alina Oceguera Pérez
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