Bone Mineral Density and Its Related Factors in Kidney Transplant Patients
Keywords:
osteoporosis, Cuba, trasplante renal, densidad mineral óseaAbstract
Introduction: Decreased bone mineral density is often found in kidney transplant patients, with a high frequency of fractures.
Objective: To identify factors related to bone mineral density in kidney transplant patients.
Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, observational study was conducted in 50 kidney transplant patients at the Institute of Nephrology, Havana, Cuba, selected by simple random sampling. Demographic, anthropometric, clinical, and laboratory variables, as well as bone mineral density in the lumbar spine and right hip, were collected. Statistical Package Social Science 25.0 was used for data processing. The independence test was used for qualitative variables, and Kruskal-Wallis test was used for quantitative variables.
Results: The most common bone mineral density category according to lumbar Z score was osteopenia (50 %) and normal bone mineral density at the hip (58 %); steroid use was associated with a higher frequency of osteopenia and osteoporosis (p = 0.01); lower estimated glomerular filtration rates (36.9 vs. 60.8 ml/min/1.73 m2 SC) and higher PTH levels (94.9 vs. 122.4 pg/mL) were associated with lower bone mineral densities (p = 0.02). The risk of fracture (FRAX) was higher in osteoporotic patients than in those with normal lumbar T score (0.33 vs. 2.12) (p = 0.03).
Conclusions: Osteopenia is the most common bone mineral density abnormality in transplant recipients, and the risk of fracture is elevated. Steroid dose received, kidney function, and PTH levels are related to bone mineral density.
Keywords: osteoporosis; Cuba; kidney transplant; bone mineral density.
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