Association between Metabolic Memory and the Onset of Macrovascular Complications in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Keywords:
metabolic memory; macrovascular complications; type 2 diabetes mellitus.Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Prospective data support the existence of a long-term influence of initial metabolic control on subsequent clinical outcome, a phenomenon known as "metabolic memory."
Objective: To evaluate the association between metabolic memory and the onset of macrovascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Methods: A longitudinal, ambispective cohort study comprised 120 patients treated in the Internal Medicine Department of Hermanos Ameijeiras Clinical-Surgical Teaching Hospital from October 2021 to May 2023. The variables of interest were summarized; the influence of metabolic memory on the onset of macrovascular complications was assessed by fitting a logistic regression model.
Results: Among the studied patients, 70.8% exhibited macrovascular complications. Those with fasting blood glucose levels of 15.0–19.9 mmol/L at diagnosis were 3.1 times more likely to develop these complications compared to patients with levels of 7.0–9.9 mmol/L. Similarly, postprandial blood glucose levels ≥ 20.0 mmol/L were associated with a 4.7-fold higher risk than levels between 7.8 and 11.0 mmol/L. Notably, patients with glycated hemoglobin > 10% at diagnosis had a 12 times greater likelihood of complications than those with values of 6.5–7.0 %.
Conclusions: Metabolic memory is associated with a higher incidence of macrovascular complications.
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