Vascular Damage, Chronic Inflammation and Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Seropositive Patients
Keywords:
seropositividad para VIH, lesiones del sistema vascular, enfermedades vasculares, endotelio vascularAbstract
Introduction: Inflammation and endothelial dysfunction are proatherogenic mechanisms in patients with human immunodeficiency virus.
Objective: To compare the incidence of vascular damage and the magnitude of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in early stages in patients with human immunodeficiency virus seropositive patients.
Methods: An analytical and cross-sectional study was carried out in the Internal Medicine Service of Hermanos Ameijeiras Hospital in the period from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2021. Thirty/seven individuals living with the human immunodeficiency virus aged 19 years or older were included. For statistical analysis, chi-square test, Student's t test and the Mann-Whitney U test were used.
Results: Atherosclerotic plaques were found in 5 cases (13.5%), 4 of them (15.4%) in the early group and 1 (9.1%) in the late group. Subclinical lesions were present in 9 (24.32%). The median erythrocyte sedimentation rate was higher in the late stage (49 mm/h/RI: 89.3 vs. 7 mm/h/RI: 35 p = 0.046), and not in flow-mediated dilation (12/RI: 14 vs. 7.5/RI: 10 % p = 0.501). It was also higher in patients with subclinical lesions (43.0/RI: 75.8 vs. 7.0/RI: 42.0 mm/h p = 0.048).
Conclusions: Chronic inflammation predominated over endothelial damage as a pathophysiological mechanism in the entire series, and in the subgroup of patients with subclinical lesions in cases with late stages of the disease, thus reinforcing chronic inflammation as an atherogenic mechanism in human immunodeficiency virus infection.
Keywords: vascular damage; chronic inflammation; endothelial dysfunction in HIV-seropositive patients.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Liodelvio Martínez Fernández, César Augusto Serrano Soler, Héctor Manuel Díaz Torres, Mackdiers Martínez Rodríguez, Maricel Rodríguez Cheong, Teddy Osmín Tamargo Barbeito
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