Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Complications in Primary Care in Two Cuban Provinces

Authors

Keywords:

Palabras clave, Diabetes mellitus tipo 2, comorbilidad, complicaciones de la diabetes, factores de riesgo

Abstract

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a global public health problem, and Cuba is no exception.

Objective: To find out the epidemiological behavior of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications in two municipalities in the country.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among type 2 diabetics in four health areas located in Santiago de Cuba and Matanzas provinces, specifically in Cárdenas municipality. A questionnaire was administered; anthropometric measurements were taken; blood pressure and glycosylated hemoglobin were recorded. Sociodemographic variables, risk factors, comorbidities, and pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment were studied.

Results: There was predominance of females and those over 65 years of age. 75.2% were obese or overweight, which was slightly higher in female patients. More than half consumed sugary or carbonated beverages; and 77.1% reported not exercising. Hypertension was a comorbidity in 77.2% of diabetics, and peripheral neuropathy was the most common complication (48.9%). Controlled diabetics were predominantly those aged 65 years and older (58.4%), females (69.2%), and nonsmokers (84.9%).

Conclusions: Type 2 diabetic patients were characterized by the presence of risk factors and concomitant comorbidities. Control of hypertension, weight reduction, and dyslipidemia should be considered in the treatment of these patients in primary health units.

Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus; comorbidity; complications of diabetes; risk factors.

 

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Author Biographies

Geominia Maldonado Cantillo, Instituto Nacional de Higiene, Epidemiología y Microbiología

Departamento de Evaluación de riesgos

Armando Jorge Rodríguez Salvá, Instituto Nacional de Higiene, Epidemiología y Microbiología

Departamento de Servicios de Salud

Addys Díaz Piñera, Instituto Nacional de Higiene, Epidemiología y Microbiología

Departamento de Servicios de Salud

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Published

2025-08-18

How to Cite

1.
Maldonado Cantillo G, Rodríguez Salvá AJ, Díaz Piñera A, Achiong Estupiñán F, Gómez Méndez H, Cardona Garbey D. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Complications in Primary Care in Two Cuban Provinces. Rev Cubana Med [Internet]. 2025 Aug. 18 [cited 2025 Dec. 9];64. Available from: https://revmedicina.sld.cu/index.php/med/article/view/3698

Issue

Vol. 64 (2025): publicación continua

Section

Original articles

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Copyright (c) 2025 Geominia Maldonado Cantillo, Armando Rodríguez Salvá, Addys Diaz Piñeira

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