Frailty Syndrome and Survival in Older Adults After One Year of Hospital Admission

Authors

  • Antonio Belaunde Clausell Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de la Habana. Hospital "Dr. Carlos J. Finlay". Servicio de Medicina Interna. La Habana, Cuba. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5602-0188
  • Guido Emilio Lluis Ramos Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de la Habana. Hospital "Dr. Carlos J. Finlay". Servicio de Medicina Interna. La Habana, Cuba.
  • Antonio Díaz Machado Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de la Habana. Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico "Hermanos Ameijeiras". Depertamento de Investigaciones. La Habana, Cuba.
  • Elisbeth Pérez Montes de Oca Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas "Victoria de Girón". La Habana. Cuba.

Keywords:

anciano, fragilidad, supervivencia, factor de riesgo.

Abstract

Introduction: Frailty Syndrome is a dynamic, non-linear, treatable and reversible syndrome. Its relevance lies in the fact that it has shown good predictive capacity for adverse health events. 

Objective: To determine the association between frailty states and survival at one year after hospital admission in older adults.

Methods: Observational, longitudinal study in patients admitted to the internal medicine service of the "Dr. Carlos J. Finlay" Hospital from January 2021 to January 2022. The sample consisted of 199 older adults. The following variables were analyzed: age, sex, skin color, frailty and survival. The Frailty Index for Hospitalized Elderly was used to define the frailty variable. Survival at one year was assessed by telephone call. The risk of death was assessed using the relative risk test. The impact of frailty on survival was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier curve.

Results: The mean age was 70.6 years. The predominant age group was between 70-79 years (51.75 %), male sex (53.43 %) and skin color black (60.03 %). The 41.7 % were frail. The probability of death was 5 times higher in the frail elderly (RR: 5.881). Frail patients had a median survival of 6.888 months.

Conclusions: In patients over 60 years of age, who are admitted for acute medical causes to the internal medicine ward from the on-call department and without terminal illness, frailty is associated with an increase.

Keywords: elderly; frailty; survival; risk factor.

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Published

2024-09-10

How to Cite

1.
Belaunde Clausell A, Lluis Ramos GE, Díaz Machado A, Pérez Montes de Oca E. Frailty Syndrome and Survival in Older Adults After One Year of Hospital Admission. Rev Cubana Med [Internet]. 2024 Sep. 10 [cited 2025 Mar. 14];64. Available from: https://revmedicina.sld.cu/index.php/med/article/view/3578

Issue

Vol. 64 (2025): publicación continua

Section

Original articles

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Copyright (c) 2025 Antonio Belaunde Clausell, Guido Emilio Lluis Ramos, Antonio Díaz Machado, Elisbeth Pérez Montes de Oca

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